What is the term for the willful and illegal sinking of a ship at sea or its cargo?

The term that defines the willful and illegal sinking of a ship at sea, as well as the destruction of its cargo, is termed barratry. This concept originates in maritime law and refers specifically to wrongful acts committed by the master or crew of a vessel that are contrary to the interests of the vessel's owner. Barratry involves intentional misconduct that can lead to significant financial losses, and it is viewed very seriously within the legal framework governing maritime activities.

In contrast, maritime malfeasance generally refers to wrongdoing in general within maritime contexts but does not specifically capture the willfulness associated with barratry. Negligent operation pertains to actions that involve carelessness rather than intent, while marine liability is a broader term that encompasses various forms of responsibility associated with maritime activities, not specifically tied to the wrongful act of sinking a ship deliberately. Understanding these nuances highlights why barratry is the proper choice for this definition.